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What Is Induction Therapy?

Induction therapy refers to the initial phase of treatment used to reduce or eliminate a disease—most commonly in cases of cancer, autoimmune disorders, or organ transplantation. Its primary goal is to bring the disease under control quickly and aggressively, often by using a combination of high-dose medications or therapies. In cancer, for example, induction therapy aims to shrink or eradicate tumors. In organ transplantation, it’s used to prevent the body from rejecting the new organ by suppressing the immune system early on.

When Is Induction Therapy Needed?

Induction therapy is typically required when a disease is aggressive or advanced, or when a swift and powerful response is needed. It is most frequently used in treating acute leukemias, lymphomas, multiple myeloma, and in preparing patients for organ transplants like kidney or liver transplantation. It may also be used in severe autoimmune diseases like lupus or multiple sclerosis when other treatments fail to provide adequate control.

How Is Induction Therapy Used in Cancer Treatment?

In oncology, induction therapy is often the first line of defense, especially in blood cancers like acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). It usually involves a high-intensity chemotherapy regimen, and in some cases, radiation or targeted therapy. The aim is to put the disease into remission by destroying as many cancer cells as possible before moving to consolidation or maintenance therapy phases.

What Role Does Induction Therapy Play in Organ Transplantation?

For organ transplant patients, induction therapy is used at the time of the transplant to prevent early immune rejection of the new organ. It involves administering powerful immunosuppressive agents, such as monoclonal antibodies or interleukin inhibitors, which blunt the recipient’s immune response. This phase is crucial for establishing tolerance to the new organ and reducing the risk of acute rejection.

What Medications Are Commonly Used in Induction Therapy?

The specific medications used in induction therapy depend on the disease being treated. In cancer, these may include chemotherapy agents like cytarabine, daunorubicin, or vincristine. For transplant patients, drugs such as basiliximab, antithymocyte globulin (ATG), or alemtuzumab are commonly used. These drugs are selected based on the individual’s condition, risk factors, and response to previous treatments.