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What is Meningioma?

Meningioma is a type of tumor that forms in the meninges, the protective membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord. These tumors typically grow slowly and are often benign (non-cancerous), but their location can cause pressure on nearby brain tissue, nerves, or blood vessels. Symptoms may vary depending on the tumor's size and location, ranging from headaches and vision problems to seizures and personality changes. Meningiomas are usually diagnosed through imaging studies like MRI or CT scans and may require surgical removal or monitoring depending on their behavior.

Is Meningioma Considered Cancer?

Most meningiomas are classified as benign tumors, meaning they are not considered cancerous because they grow slowly and rarely spread to other parts of the body. However, some meningiomas can be atypical (grade II) or malignant (grade III), which are more aggressive and have a higher risk of recurrence. Even benign meningiomas can cause serious health issues due to their location, especially if they press against critical areas of the brain or spinal cord. Therefore, while not always "cancer" in the traditional sense, meningiomas still require careful evaluation and treatment.

Who Does Meningioma Affect?

Meningiomas can affect anyone, but they are more commonly diagnosed in older adults, particularly women. The risk increases with age, and hormonal factors may play a role, as some tumors have hormone receptors that may respond to estrogen or progesterone. Individuals with certain genetic conditions, such as neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2), are also at increased risk. Although rare in children, when they do occur at a younger age, they are more likely to be atypical or malignant.

How Common is Meningioma?

Meningioma is the most common type of primary brain tumor, accounting for about one-third of all brain tumor diagnoses. In many countries, the incidence rate is estimated at around 8 cases per 100,000 people each year. Due to advances in imaging technology, more cases are being detected—sometimes even before symptoms arise. Many small meningiomas are found incidentally during scans for unrelated issues and may not require immediate treatment unless they begin to grow or cause symptoms.