Procedure Type
SurgicalProcedure Duration
1 - 2 HoursHospital Stay (Days)
2 - 3 daysOvarian cyst removal, medically known as ovarian cystectomy, is a surgical procedure used to remove fluid-filled sacs or abnormal growths from an ovary. This surgery is typically recommended when the cyst causes pain, does not go away on its own, grows larger, or appears potentially cancerous. The goal of the procedure is to eliminate the cyst while preserving the healthy ovarian tissue and maintaining a woman’s fertility if possible.
You may need ovarian cyst removal if your cyst is persistent, painful, or growing in size. Some cysts can cause symptoms like pelvic pain, bloating, irregular periods, or pressure on the bladder. If imaging studies suggest the cyst may be complex, twisted (ovarian torsion), or cancerous, surgery becomes more urgent. Women with a family history of ovarian cancer or postmenopausal women with ovarian masses are also more likely to need surgical removal.
The procedure can be done through laparoscopy or laparotomy, depending on the size and nature of the cyst. In laparoscopic surgery, the surgeon makes small incisions and uses a thin camera and instruments to remove the cyst. This minimally invasive method usually leads to faster recovery and minimal scarring. In more complex cases, a laparotomy (open surgery) may be necessary, especially if the cyst is large or suspected to be malignant.
Ovarian cystectomy is considered a routine and generally safe procedure, but whether it is minor or major depends on the surgical approach. Laparoscopic removal is minimally invasive and often done as an outpatient procedure, while laparotomy may require a longer hospital stay. Both types of surgery are performed under general anesthesia, and patients are closely monitored throughout.
Associate Director, Department of IVF & Infertility
Senior Consultant - Infertility and IVF
Recovery from ovarian cyst removal varies depending on the surgical method used. Most patients who undergo laparoscopy can return to normal activities within one to two weeks. If a laparotomy is performed, the recovery period might extend to four to six weeks. During this time, patients are advised to avoid heavy lifting, strenuous activity, and sexual intercourse until cleared by their doctor.
In most cases, ovarian cyst removal does not affect fertility, especially when only the cyst is removed and the ovary is preserved. In fact, treating certain types of cysts—like endometriomas or cysts caused by polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)—may actually improve fertility. However, if the ovary needs to be removed entirely (oophorectomy), fertility could be affected, particularly if both ovaries are involved. Your doctor will discuss the risks and fertility preservation options with you in advance.
Like all surgical procedures, ovarian cyst removal carries some risk. Potential complications include bleeding, infection, injury to nearby organs, or reactions to anesthesia. In rare cases, the surgery may reveal a cancerous mass, which may require more extensive treatment. However, in experienced hands, the risk of complications is low and the benefits of surgery often outweigh the risks.
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